StudentShare
Contact Us
Sign In / Sign Up for FREE
Search
Go to advanced search...
Free

Can be on anything to do with microbiology (you can chose the topic) - Article Example

Cite this document
Summary
Abstract Cabral JP. Water microbiology. Bacterial pathogens and water. Int J Environ Res Public Health. [Internet] 2010 Oct [cited 2011 March 24];7(10):3657-703: Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2996186/?tool=pubmed Water, despite being very essential for life, is not accessible to many people without struggle, especially in the developed and the developing countries…
Download full paper File format: .doc, available for editing
GRAB THE BEST PAPER96.5% of users find it useful
Can be on anything to do with microbiology (you can chose the topic)
Read Text Preview

Extract of sample "Can be on anything to do with microbiology (you can chose the topic)"

Cabral JP. Water microbiology. Bacterial pathogens and water. Int J Environ Res Public Health. [Internet] Oct [cited March 24];7(10):3657-703: Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2996186/?tool=pubmed Water, despite being very essential for life, is not accessible to many people without struggle, especially in the developed and the developing countries. It is not only important to have water access, but it equally important to have safe water access because water is a common vehicle for several infectious diseases.

This is evident from the WHO estimates that mortality related to water borne infectious diseases exceeds 5 million people per year. The greatest microbial risks are because of ingestion of water contaminated with animal or human feces. Other sources of contamination are waste water discharges. Children under 5 years of age are the most affected population with these infectious diseases. Common diseases which are transmissible by water are cholera, typhoid and bacillary dysentery. Cholera is caused by gram negative rods Vibrio cholerae which are facultative anerobes.

The organisms are aquatic bacteria and their distribution depends on sodium and temperature of the water. The incubation period of the disease is 1-3 days and the disease is characterised by acute and intense diarrhoea leading to dehydration. Cholera is associated with high mortality if not treated timely. Infection due to Vibrio cholera is dependent on adhesion of the cells of the bacteria to the mucous membrane of the intestine and production of cholera toxin. Cholera is very famous for its pandemics.

The genes responsible for toxin production are harbored in the CTX? segment (7–9.7 kb) of the chromosome. The strains of the organism are common in the environment, especially is estuaries. Non-culturable but viable bacteria are responsible for episodic nature and the sudden appearance of violent cholera outbreaks, followed by a rapid slowing down. The next infection that is worth mentioning in water related infectious disease is salmonellosis which are actually a group of diseases caused by enterobactericea family and genus salmonella.

There are mainly 2 types of diseases, typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever, and gastroenteritis. Clinical symptoms are caused even with low infective doses. Symptoms occur within 12 hours of ingestion of contaminated food or water. Poor hygiene and sanitation are main contributing factors to the disease. The principal habitat of the organisms is intestinal tract of the humans and animals. Humans infected with salmonellae can carry the bacteria in the gut without signs of disease and can continue to be reservoirs of the disease.

The bacteria survive sewage treatments if suitable germicides are not used in sewage processing. The third important water borne infectious disease is shigellosis or bacillary dysentery caused due to Gram-negative bacteriae of the enterobacteriacea family. The incubation period of the disease is 1-4 days and the disease manifests as fever, anorexia, fatigue and malaise along with bloody stools. The initial step in pathogenesis of bacillary dysentery is penetration of the colonic mucosa. The main virulence factor of the disease is the shigella toxin.

Even shigella has caused several epidemics and continues to be an epidemic in some parts. Other bacteria which cause water borne infectious diseases are Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium Avium Complex, Helicobacter Pylori and Aeromonas Hydrophyla. Regular microbial analysis of water does not detect these pathogens. Thus, safe drinking water for all is one of the major challenges of the 21st century and that microbiological control of drinking water should be the norm everywhere.

Read More
Tags
Cite this document
  • APA
  • MLA
  • CHICAGO
(“Can be on anything to do with microbiology (you can chose the topic) Article - 1”, n.d.)
Retrieved from https://studentshare.org/other/1413079-can-be-on-anything-to-do-with-microbiology-you-can
(Can Be on Anything to Do With Microbiology (you Can Chose the Topic) Article - 1)
https://studentshare.org/other/1413079-can-be-on-anything-to-do-with-microbiology-you-can.
“Can Be on Anything to Do With Microbiology (you Can Chose the Topic) Article - 1”, n.d. https://studentshare.org/other/1413079-can-be-on-anything-to-do-with-microbiology-you-can.
  • Cited: 0 times

CHECK THESE SAMPLES OF Can be on anything to do with microbiology (you can chose the topic)

Assessing Risks Arising from Contamination of the Aquatic Environment with Bt Toxin from GM Corn

BT technology must be a subject of discussion, both due to the popularity of this technique, by which pesticides can be incorporated directly into plant tissues constitutively – and the possible far-reaching ramifications of such an inclusion.... What is the first impression you get when you hear the term, “Genetically Modified Food”?...
19 Pages (4750 words) Essay

Microbiology In Your Chosen Profession

[Name of Student] [Name of Lecturer] Biology [Date] microbiology in Nursing Cardio-Vascular System The cardiovascular system is composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels.... of Lecturer] Biology microbiology in Nursing Cardio-Vascular System The cardiovascular system is composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels.... Among the most effective and important clinical microbiology laboratory procedures that cardio-thoracic nurses and other health care professionals should be aware of is the culturing of blood to detect microbemia....
3 Pages (750 words) Essay

Practical Issues of Microbiology

Aerobic and facultative organisms have developed various protective mechanisms against the toxic forms of oxygen (especially superoxide radicals as they can potentially inactivate vital cell components).... microbiology Practical 1.... Describe the full theory behind the catalase test....
9 Pages (2250 words) Coursework

Do administration times of anti-retro viral therapies affect their efficacy

The purpose of my research was to locate studies that substantiated or refuted my supposition that the timing of Anti-Retro Therapy has a direct correlation to its efficacy.... I examined my question and devised a search strategy which I felt would yield positive results.... I… I additionally discovered the vast amount of potentially helpful studies were inaccessible to me because of subscription requirements Although none of the studies I found, as stated, were specifically designed to test my hypothesis....
14 Pages (3500 words) Essay

Test Construction

you are required to examine this patient.... On examination, you find engorged neck veins, mild enlargement of the liver, and PMI shifted 2.... They would also be conversant with skills of communication, such as, ability to follow verbal cues.... The learners should be able to think… They should be able to demonstrate these qualities with assessment tasks. The teacher should be experienced and able to understand the diversity of capabilities of the Contemplate the pathophysiologic alteration and its implications on the manifestations of a disease and learn to expect and corroborate findings in a given patient with practice (Evaluation, Synthesis)....
25 Pages (6250 words) Essay

The Use of Bergeys Manual as a Tool of Classification

How can RNA viruses cause cancer?... It was believed that only DNA viruses could cause cancer, as DNA viruses can directly insert their genetic material into the host cell DNA.... RNA viruses can also cause cancer by first transcribing their RNA to DNA and then inserting the genetic material into the host cell DNA.... you are growing Bacillus subtilis in nine 16,000-liter fermenters to produce enzymes for industrial use.... Classifying bacteria helps microbiology Chapter 11 Discuss the use of Bergeys Manual as a tool ification....
3 Pages (750 words) Essay

Streptomyces coelicolor and antibiotic production

In the recent years, streptomyces has attracted a lot of research due to the fact that they can easily incorporate the eukaryotic genes and they are easy to work with the E.... This paper has made an attempt to experiment whether the antibiotics are produced under several circumstances....
24 Pages (6000 words) Essay

Positive and Negative Results of E-Learning

nbsp; However, learning all the material and concepts presented can be very challenging, particularly for those who learn better in a hands-on or visual manner.... The review “Positive and Negative Results of E-Learning” demonstrates various defiances that students meet considering the prerequisites of an effective e-learning platform, whether designed as an original application or the preset one, e....
28 Pages (7000 words) Literature review
sponsored ads
We use cookies to create the best experience for you. Keep on browsing if you are OK with that, or find out how to manage cookies.
Contact Us